DIYmall HC-SR501 PIR IR Motion Sensor and 1 Channel 5V Relay Module Instruction Manual

1. परिचय

This manual provides detailed instructions for the setup, configuration, and operation of the DIYmall HC-SR501 PIR IR Motion Sensor and the 1 Channel 5V Relay Module. These components are designed for use in various electronic projects, particularly with microcontrollers like Arduino, to detect motion and control external devices.

2. उत्पादन समाप्तview

The package includes multiple HC-SR501 PIR motion sensors and 1-channel 5V relay modules. The HC-SR501 is a passive infrared sensor that detects changes in infrared radiation, typically caused by the movement of warm bodies. The 1-channel 5V relay module allows a low-voltage microcontroller to switch higher voltage or current loads, acting as an electrical switch.

चित्र १: Four HC-SR501 PIR Motion Sensors. Each sensor features a white dome lens, a green PCB, and adjustment potentiometers.

चित्र १: Three 1 Channel 5V Relay Modules. Each module consists of a blue relay component mounted on a black PCB with screw terminals for connections.

3. निर्दिष्टीकरणहरू

3.1 HC-SR501 PIR Motion Sensor

• परिचालन भोल्युमtage: डीसी ३.७ वी - ७.४ वी
• स्थिर वर्तमान: <50uA
• आउटपुट भोल्युमtage: High 3.3V / Low 0V
• ट्रिगर मोड: L (Non-repeatable Trigger) / H (Repeatable Trigger)
• ढिलाइ समय: Adjustable (0.5s to 200s, default 5s)
• पत्ता लगाउने कोण: <120° cone angle
• पत्ता लगाउने दूरी: Adjustable (3m to 7m, default 3m)
• सञ्चालन तापमान: -20°C देखि +80°C

3.2 1 Channel 5V Relay Module

• परिचालन भोल्युमtage: DC 5V
• नियन्त्रण संकेत: TTL logic (High level trigger)
• अधिकतम लोड: 10A 250VAC / 10A 30VDC
• आइसोलेसन: अप्टोकप्लर आइसोलेसन
• सूचक: पावर एलईडी, स्थिति एलईडी

4. सेटअप र कन्फिगरेसन

4.1 HC-SR501 PIR Sensor Pinout

The HC-SR501 sensor has three pins for connection:

• VCC: Power supply (DC 4.5V - 20V)
• बाहिर: Digital output (3.3V high when motion detected, 0V low when no motion)
• Gnd: जमिन

4.2 1 Channel 5V Relay Module Pinout

The relay module has input pins for control and output terminals for the load:

• इनपुट पिन:
  • VCC: विद्युत आपूर्ति (DC 5V)
  • Gnd: जमिन
  • IN: Control signal input (connect to microcontroller digital output)
• Output Terminals (Screw Terminals):
  • NO (सामान्यतया खुला): Connected to COM when relay is active.
  • NC (सामान्यतया बन्द): Connected to COM when relay is inactive.
  • COM (सामान्य): Connect to one side of the load's power source.

चित्र १: शीर्ष view of the 1 Channel 5V Relay Module, indicating the VCC, GND, IN pins and the NO, NC, COM screw terminals.

4.3 Adjusting Sensitivity and Delay Time (HC-SR501)

The HC-SR501 sensor has two potentiometers for adjustment:

• Sensitivity Potentiometer: Adjusts the detection distance.
  • घुम्दै घडीको दिशामा (दायाँ) decreases sensitivity and reduces the detection range (approx. 3 meters).
  • घुम्दै काउन्टर-क्लॉकवाइज (बायाँ) increases sensitivity and extends the detection range (approx. 7 meters).
• Delay Time Potentiometer: Adjusts how long the output remains HIGH after motion is detected.
  • घुम्दै घडीको दिशामा (दायाँ) increases the delay (up to approx. 5 minutes).
  • घुम्दै काउन्टर-क्लॉकवाइज (बायाँ) decreases the delay (down to approx. 3 seconds).

चित्र १: HC-SR501 potentiometers for adjusting sensitivity and output timing (delay).

चित्र १: Visual guide for adjusting sensitivity and delay on the HC-SR501 sensor.

4.4 Trigger Mode Selection (HC-SR501)

The HC-SR501 has a jumper cap to select between two trigger modes:

• H (Repeatable Trigger Mode): When motion is detected, the output goes HIGH and stays HIGH as long as motion is continuously detected within the delay period. The delay timer resets with each new detection. This is suitable for applications where continuous detection is required, such as automatic lighting.
• L (Single Trigger Mode): When motion is detected, the output goes HIGH for the set delay time and then goes LOW, regardless of whether motion is still present. It will not re-trigger until the delay time has fully elapsed and motion is detected again. This is suitable for applications where a single event trigger is needed.

चित्र १: Explanation of Single Trigger Mode (L) and Repeatable Trigger Mode (H) via jumper setting.

4.5 तारिङ पूर्वampलेस

4.5.1 Connecting HC-SR501 to Arduino

Connect the HC-SR501 sensor to your Arduino board as follows:

• HC-SR501 VCC to Arduino 5V
• HC-SR501 GND to Arduino GND
• HC-SR501 बाहिर to Arduino Digital Pin (e.g., Pin 2)

4.5.2 Connecting 1 Channel 5V Relay Module to Arduino

Connect the relay module to your Arduino board as follows:

• रिले मोड्युल VCC to Arduino 5V
• रिले मोड्युल GND to Arduino GND
• रिले मोड्युल IN to Arduino Digital Pin (e.g., Pin 3)

चित्र १: A 1 Channel 5V Relay Module wired to an Arduino board using jumper wires.

4.5.3 Connecting a Load to the Relay Module

To control an external device (load) with the relay module, follow these general steps. Always exercise caution when working with high voltages. If you are unsure, consult a qualified electrician.

• Disconnect power from the load circuit before wiring.
• Identify the power source and the load (e.g., a light bulb).
• Connect one side of the load's power source (e.g., Live/Phase wire) to the COM terminal of the relay.
• Connect the other side of the load (e.g., one terminal of the light bulb) to either the NO (Normally Open) or NC (Normally Closed) terminal, depending on your desired default state.
  • प्रयोग गर्नुहोस् NO if you want the load to be OFF by default and turn ON when the relay is activated.
  • प्रयोग गर्नुहोस् NC if you want the load to be ON by default and turn OFF when the relay is activated.
• Connect the other side of the load (e.g., the other terminal of the light bulb) to the neutral wire of the power source.

चित्र १: Example wiring diagram for connecting a 220V AC load (light bulb) to a relay module. Note the separate power source for the load.

5. सञ्चालन निर्देशनहरू

Once wired and configured, the HC-SR501 PIR sensor will detect motion and provide a HIGH signal on its OUT pin. This signal can then be read by a microcontroller (like Arduino) to trigger actions, such as activating the relay module.

• पावर अन: Apply power to both the sensor and the relay module (typically 5V DC from the microcontroller).
• वार्म-अप अवधि: The HC-SR501 sensor requires a brief warm-up period (approx. 30-60 seconds) after power-on. During this time, it may trigger randomly. Avoid making adjustments or expecting accurate readings during this phase.
• गति पत्ता लगाउने: When motion is detected within the sensor's range, the OUT pin will go HIGH (approx. 3.3V).
• Relay Activation: If the relay module's IN pin receives a HIGH signal (e.g., from the sensor's OUT pin or an Arduino digital output), the relay will switch its state (NO closes, NC opens). The status LED on the relay module will typically illuminate.
• समायोजन: Fine-tune the sensitivity and delay time using the potentiometers as described in Section 4.3 to suit your application's needs.
• ट्रिगर मोड: Ensure the jumper is set to the desired trigger mode (H for repeatable, L for single) as described in Section 4.4.

6. मर्मतसम्भार

These modules are generally low-maintenance. To ensure optimal performance and longevity:

• सफा राख: Ensure the PIR sensor's dome lens is free from dust, dirt, or obstructions, which can affect detection accuracy.
• आर्द्रताबाट बच्नुहोस्: Protect both modules from water and high humidity.
• उचित विद्युत आपूर्ति: तोकिएको भोल्युम भित्र स्थिर DC पावर सप्लाई प्रयोग गर्नुहोस्tagई दायरा।
• भौतिक सुरक्षा: Avoid physical impact or excessive force on the components.
• वातावरणीय अवस्था: Operate within the specified temperature range. Extreme temperatures can affect performance.

T. समस्या निवारण

• Sensor Not Detecting Motion:
  • पावर जडानहरू (VCC, GND) जाँच गर्नुहोस्।
  • Ensure the sensor has completed its warm-up period.
  • Adjust sensitivity potentiometer clockwise (increase sensitivity).
  • Verify the detection angle and distance are appropriate for the environment.
  • सेन्सरलाई कुनै पनि अवरोधले रोकिरहेको छैन भनी सुनिश्चित गर्नुहोस् view.
  • Test the sensor in a different environment to rule out environmental interference (e.g., heat sources).
• False Triggers from Sensor:
  • Adjust sensitivity potentiometer counter-clockwise (decrease sensitivity).
  • Ensure the sensor is not exposed to direct sunlight, strong air currents, or rapid temperature changes.
  • Check for nearby heat sources (e.g., heating vents, electronics) that might cause false positives.
  • Ensure the sensor is mounted stably and not vibrating.
• रिले स्विच नहुने:
  • Check power connections to the relay module (VCC, GND).
  • Verify the control signal (IN pin) from the microcontroller or sensor is correctly providing a HIGH signal when expected.
  • Ensure the load is correctly wired to the COM and NO/NC terminals.
  • Check if the load itself is functional.
  • Confirm the relay's operating voltage matches the supply (5V DC).
• Relay Always ON/OFF:
  • Double-check the wiring to the NO/NC terminals. You might have used NC instead of NO, or vice-versa, for your desired default state.
  • Verify the control signal logic from your microcontroller.

8. वारेन्टी र समर्थन

वारेन्टी जानकारी वा प्राविधिक सहयोगको लागि, कृपया खुद्रा विक्रेता वा निर्माताको अधिकारीलाई सन्दर्भ गर्नुहोस् website. Keep your purchase receipt for warranty claims. General support for DIY electronics projects can often be found in online communities and forums dedicated to Arduino and similar platforms.

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